What does "access control" mean?

Access control refers to the systematic regulations that determine who is allowed to enter or exit specific areas, facilities, or resources. This process is essential in security management as it safeguards assets, information, and the well-being of individuals by restricting access to authorized personnel only. By implementing access control, organizations can effectively manage the movement of people and vehicles, monitor who is present in restricted areas, and ensure that security protocols are followed consistently.

In the context of a security guard's responsibilities, access control typically involves verifying identities, issuing identification badges, maintaining visitor logs, and using security technologies like card readers or biometric scanners. This practice is crucial in preventing unauthorized access, which could lead to theft, vandalism, or other security breaches.

The other options address concepts that, while related to security, do not encapsulate the primary function of access control. Counting the number of people in a building pertains more to occupancy management, monitoring exits during emergencies focuses on safety protocols rather than access regulation, and deleting access logs poses security risks by erasing vital information that tracks entry and exit events. Therefore, the definition of access control is best captured by the emphasis on regulating entry or exit to a specific area.